Ten Years’ War

AD – MPE: 0.01

ND – MPE: 0.05

On his website “Necrometrics” White cites estimates, which claim that 0.1 million civilians died during the first Cuban war for independence from 1868 to 1878, most of them from disease. Many civilians were forced into camps by the Spanish forces. It is unclear how many died as a result of such measures.

Spain was an advanced democracy for only two years – 1871 and 1872. The Cuban rebels fought for a democratic system.

Plausible estimates for the number of people killed by advanced democracies range from 0.01 to 0.02 million. I choose 0.01 as the most plausible estimate. Plausible estimates for the number of people killed by nondemocratic forces range from 0.02 to 0.08 million. I choose 0.05 as the most plausible estimate.