Indonesian Invasion and Occupation of East Timor

AD – MPE: 0.01

ND – MPE: 0.09

The article “Indonesia: East Timor” on the website “Mass Atrocity Endings” cites in-depth studies, which estimate that 0.1 million civilians were killed in the Indonesian invasion and occupation of East Timor from 1974 to 1999. Most of these civilians died from hunger and diseases, which were mostly the result of the forced resettlement of significant portions of the rural population into camps with high death rates.

The United States supported Indonesia with money, arms and diplomacy. Most of the arms used in the invasion were made in the US. Australia, Britain, Canada and Japan also supported the occupation. I blame democratic frontrunners for 5 to 15 percent of the killings.

Plausible estimates for the number of civilians killed by nondemocratic forces range from 0.07 to 0.11. I choose 0.09 as the most plausible estimate.