Congo Free State

AD – MPE: 10

Wikipedia and White cite plausible expert estimates which range from 5 to 13 million victims of the Congo Free State from 1885 to 1908. Most experts consider 10 million victims as the most plausible estimate. Belgium was one of the most democratic governments in the world during this time period. Adam Hochschild explains in his fact-filled book: “King Leopold’s Ghost – A Story of Greed, Terror and Heroism in Colonial Africa” why he considers 10 million deaths to be the best estimate.